헤케 연산자(Hecke operator) - 편집 역사

2022년 7월 8일 (금) 05:29에 Pythagoras0님의 편집

2022-07-08T05:29:19Z

Pythagoras0: /* 메타데이터 */ 새 문단

2022-07-08T05:28:11Z

메타데이터: 새 문단

Pythagoras0: /* 노트 */ 새 문단

2022-07-08T05:28:08Z

노트: 새 문단

Pythagoras0: /* 메타데이터 */ 새 문단

2022-07-08T05:24:29Z

메타데이터: 새 문단

Pythagoras0: /* 노트 */ 새 문단

2022-07-08T05:24:28Z

노트: 새 문단

2021년 2월 17일 (수) 10:25에 Pythagoras0님의 편집

2021-02-17T10:25:03Z

Pythagoras0: /* 메타데이터 */ 새 문단

2020-12-28T14:02:01Z

메타데이터: 새 문단

2020년 11월 12일 (목) 14:50에 Pythagoras0님의 편집

2020-11-12T14:50:41Z

Pythagoras0: /* 관련논문 */

2015-06-16T05:57:18Z

Pythagoras0: /* 관련논문 */

2015-03-19T08:06:14Z

← 이전 판		2022년 7월 8일 (금) 05:29 판
81번째 줄:		81번째 줄:
	* Takei, Luiz. 2011. On modular forms of weight 2 and representations of PSL(2, Z / pZ). 1103.3066 (March 15). http://arxiv.org/abs/1103.3066.		* Takei, Luiz. 2011. On modular forms of weight 2 and representations of PSL(2, Z / pZ). 1103.3066 (March 15). http://arxiv.org/abs/1103.3066.

−	~~==메타데이터==~~
−	~~===위키데이터===~~
−	* ID : [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1592959 Q1592959]
−	~~===Spacy 패턴 목록===~~
−	* [{'LOWER': 'hecke'}, {'LEMMA': 'operator'}]
−
−	~~== 노트 ==~~
−
−	~~===말뭉치===~~
−	~~===소스===~~
−	~~<references />~~
−
−	~~== 메타데이터 ==~~
−
−	~~===위키데이터===~~
−	* ID : [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1592959 Q1592959]
−	~~===Spacy 패턴 목록===~~
−	* [{'LOWER': 'hecker'}, {'LEMMA': 'operator'}]
−	* [{'LOWER': 'hecke'}, {'LEMMA': 'operator'}]

	== 노트 ==		== 노트 ==

← 이전 판		2022년 7월 8일 (금) 05:28 판
163번째 줄:		163번째 줄:
	===소스===		===소스===
	<references />		<references />
		+
		+	== 메타데이터 ==
		+
		+	===위키데이터===
		+	* ID : [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1592959 Q1592959]
		+	===Spacy 패턴 목록===
		+	* [{'LOWER': 'hecke'}, {'LEMMA': 'operator'}]

← 이전 판		2022년 7월 8일 (금) 05:28 판
100번째 줄:		100번째 줄:
	* [{'LOWER': 'hecker'}, {'LEMMA': 'operator'}]		* [{'LOWER': 'hecker'}, {'LEMMA': 'operator'}]
	* [{'LOWER': 'hecke'}, {'LEMMA': 'operator'}]		* [{'LOWER': 'hecke'}, {'LEMMA': 'operator'}]
		+
		+	== 노트 ==
		+
		+	===말뭉치===
		+	# Each Hecke operator has eigenforms when the dimension of is 1, so for , 6, 8, 10, and 14, the eigenforms are the Eisenstein series , , , , and , respectively.<ref name="ref_d8365ed4">[https://mathworld.wolfram.com/HeckeOperator.html Hecke Operator -- from Wolfram MathWorld]</ref>
		+	# Another way to express Hecke operators is by means of double cosets in the modular group.<ref name="ref_fff5ced6">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hecke_operator Hecke operator]</ref>
		+	# If a (non-zero) cusp form f is a simultaneous eigenform of all Hecke operators T m with eigenvalues λ m then a m = λ m a 1 and a 1 ≠ 0.<ref name="ref_fff5ced6" />
		+	# Therefore, the spectral theorem implies that there is a basis of modular forms that are eigenfunctions for these Hecke operators.<ref name="ref_fff5ced6" />
		+	# Other related mathematical rings are also called "Hecke algebras", although sometimes the link to Hecke operators is not entirely obvious.<ref name="ref_fff5ced6" />
		+	# This is the definition we take then for the Hecke operators of modular forms.<ref name="ref_e0ef5d8b">[https://math.stackexchange.com/questions/1828616/how-did-hecke-come-up-with-hecke-operators How did Hecke come up with Hecke-operators?]</ref>
		+	# Hopefully the above is convincing enough that the Hecke operators as morphisms are fairly natural morphisms to consider when we speak about Hecke operators.<ref name="ref_e0ef5d8b" />
		+	# In fact, with this algebraic formula, we can de(cid:28)ne Hecke operators on any congruence subgroup .<ref name="ref_10d8aae8">[https://www.math.mcgill.ca/goren/GS/Hecke.pdf Hecke operators]</ref>
		+	# We will consider the case where the Hecke operators act on = 1(N ) (dont care about the weight).<ref name="ref_10d8aae8" />
		+	# This paper focuses on discussing Hecke operators in the theory of modular forms and its relation to Hecke rings which occur in representation theory.<ref name="ref_f93795bd">[http://math.uchicago.edu/~may/REU2020/REUPapers/Hu,Samanda.pdf Modular forms and hecke operators]</ref>
		+	# We will rst introduce the basic denitions and properties of modular forms and Hecke operators.<ref name="ref_f93795bd" />
		+	# In this paper, we aim to discuss Hecke operators in the theory of modular forms.<ref name="ref_f93795bd" />
		+	# We will then introduce Hecke operators and discuss some of their properties.<ref name="ref_f93795bd" />
		+	# 100 12.5 Hecke operators acting on Jacobians . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .<ref name="ref_a2fe39b2">[https://wstein.org/books/ribet-stein/main.pdf Lectures on modular forms and hecke operators]</ref>
		+	# In this paper we study the space of period functions of Jacobi forms by means of the Jacobi integral and give an explicit description of the action of Hecke operators on this space.<ref name="ref_4a6bec61">[https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022247X13005271 Periods of Jacobi forms and the Hecke operator]</ref>
		+	# Given the \(q\)-expansion \(f\) of a modular form with character \(\varepsilon\), this function computes the image of \(f\) under the Hecke operator \(T_{n,k}\) of weight \(k\).<ref name="ref_58b21d7d">[https://doc.sagemath.org/html/en/reference/modfrm/sage/modular/modform/hecke_operator_on_qexp.html Hecke Operators on \(q\)-expansions — Modular Forms]</ref>
		+	# A Hecke operator is a certain kind of linear transformation on the space of modular forms or cusp forms (see also Modular Forms) of a certain fixed weight .<ref name="ref_d3baa56f">[https://ahilado.wordpress.com/2020/11/30/hecke-operators/ Theories and Theorems]</ref>
		+	# An example of a Hecke operator is the one commonly denoted , for a prime number.<ref name="ref_d3baa56f" />
		+	# Hecke operators are also often defined via their effect on the Fourier expansion of a modular form.<ref name="ref_d3baa56f" />
		+	# The Hecke operators can be defined not only for prime numbers, but for all natural numbers, and any two Hecke operators and commute with each other.<ref name="ref_d3baa56f" />
		+	# In many cases, these coefficients can be recovered from explicit knowledge of the traces of Hecke operators.<ref name="ref_97e36bb4">[https://bookstore.ams.org/surv-133/ Traces of Hecke Operators]</ref>
		+	# The original trace formula for Hecke operators was given by Selberg in 1956.<ref name="ref_97e36bb4" />
		+	# This leads to an expression for the trace of a Hecke operator, which is then computed explicitly.<ref name="ref_97e36bb4" />
		+	# Another interesting property of the Hecke operators is that they commute.<ref name="ref_6cdbc4fb">[https://www.math.ucdavis.edu/~hunter/m205b_18/projects/Hecke_Operators.pdf Hecke operators]</ref>
		+	# For any two Hecke operators Tn and Tm dened on Mk, we have the composition formula TmTn = (cid:88) dk1Tmn/d2.<ref name="ref_6cdbc4fb" />
		+	# We consider the action of Hecke operators on weakly holomorphic modular forms and a Hecke-equivariant duality be- tween the spaces of holomorphic and weakly holomorphic cusp forms.<ref name="ref_f2e3e9e4">[http://www.math.hawaii.edu/~pavel/publications/wh.pdf Hecke operators for weakly holomorphic]</ref>
		+	# As an application of this result, we derive some congruences which connect eigenvalues of Hecke operators acting on the space of cusp forms Sk and certain singular moduli.<ref name="ref_f2e3e9e4" />
		+	# It is my pleasure to thank Ralf Schmidt for generously sharing his insight about Hecke operators with me and for providing the appendix.<ref name="ref_e628de23">[https://projecteuclid.org/journals/journal-of-mathematics-of-kyoto-university/volume-45/issue-4/On-the-Hecke-operator-Up/10.1215/kjm/1250281658.pdf (cid:1)]</ref>
		+	# We introduce Hecke operators acting on the space of Jacobi-like forms and obtain an explicit formula for such an action in terms of modular forms.<ref name="ref_a17dd26a">[https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/canadian-mathematical-bulletin/article/hecke-operators-on-jacobilike-forms/34D9DD3A8EB88E0C169D986813CF1E3D Hecke Operators on Jacobi-like Forms]</ref>
		+	# We also prove that those Hecke operator actions on Jacobi-like forms are compatible with the usual Hecke operator actions on modular forms.<ref name="ref_a17dd26a" />
		+	# The two equations were proven for (n) by Mordell, using what are now known as the Hecke operators.<ref name="ref_fc8678b5">[https://aimath.org/~kaur/publications/33.pdf Acta arithmetica]</ref>
		+	# Following Selberg, we write k(Tn) for the trace of the Hecke operator Tn acting on Sk( (1)).<ref name="ref_fc8678b5" />
		+	# Our starting point is the Selberg trace formula applied to the Hecke operators.<ref name="ref_fc8678b5" />
		+	# Hecke operators 409 Added in proof.<ref name="ref_fc8678b5" />
		+	# The Hecke operators have many applications in various spaces like the space of elliptic modular forms, the space of polynomials and others.<ref name="ref_0fc6f845">[https://fixedpointtheoryandapplications.springeropen.com/articles/10.1186/1687-1812-2013-92 Hecke operators type and generalized Apostol-Bernoulli polynomials - Fixed Point Theory and Algorithms for Sciences and Engineering]</ref>
		+	# We also review some elementary lemmas and theorems both from number theory and ring theory, as well as the de(cid:12)nition of a compact operator and of Hecke operators.<ref name="ref_7867c46a">[https://www.ma.imperial.ac.uk/~buzzard/maths/research/notes/jacobs_phd.pdf Slopes of compact hecke operators]</ref>
		+	# Modular forms turn up all over mathematics and physics and, hence, so do the Hecke operators.<ref name="ref_6f3e2a8c">[https://encyclopediaofmath.org/wiki/Hecke_operator Encyclopedia of Mathematics]</ref>
		+	# Algebras of Hecke operators are called Hecke algebras, and the most significant basic fact of the theory is that these are commutative rings.<ref name="ref_56b5326e">[https://academickids.com/encyclopedia/index.php/Hecke_operator Hecke operator]</ref>
		+	# The theory of Hecke operators on modular forms is often said to have been founded by Mordell in a paper on the special cusp form of Ramanujan, ahead of the general theory given by Erich Hecke.<ref name="ref_56b5326e" />
		+	# The idea may be considered to go back to earlier work of Hurwitz, who treated correspondences between modular curves which realise some individual Hecke operator.<ref name="ref_56b5326e" />
		+	# A third way to express Hecke operators is as double cosets in the modular group.<ref name="ref_56b5326e" />
		+	# Key words: Hecke operators; vector-valued modular forms; Weil representation.<ref name="ref_3c1f1b97">[https://www.emis.de/journals/SIGMA/2019/041/ Hecke Operators on Vector-Valued Modular Forms]</ref>
		+	# Introduction In Part I of this paper we showed how Hecke operators on L 2 ( S 2 ) may be used to generate very evenly distributed sequences of three-dimensional rotations.<ref name="ref_d503781f">[http://math.huji.ac.il/~alexlub/PAPERS/Hecke%20Operators%20and%20Distributing%20Points%20on%20S2%20II.pdf Hecke operators and distributing points on s2. i1]</ref>
		+	# In Section 2 of the present paper we give a proof of the inequality (1.2) for a large class of Hecke operators which includes the above example.<ref name="ref_d503781f" />
		+	# To begin with we introduce the general Hecke operator: N ( a ) = n LEMMA 2.2.<ref name="ref_d503781f" />
		+	# Classically, however, we care about only a few special actions on a few special functions in L2 cusp(G(A), ); namely, how the Hecke operators act on cusp forms of a given weight and level.<ref name="ref_4e8c6199">[http://virtualmath1.stanford.edu/~conrad/JLseminar/Notes/L23.pdf Traces of hecke operators]</ref>
		+	# Let Tn be the Hecke operator on the space of cusp forms Sk(N, !).<ref name="ref_4e8c6199" />
		+	# We want to construct a test function f whose convolution action will mimic the Hecke operator on Sk(N, !) and equal the zero operator on the orthocomplement in L2 cusp(G(A), ).<ref name="ref_4e8c6199" />
		+	# The non-archimedean components will mimic the Hecke operator, while the archimedean component will be cooked up so as to kill the orthocomplement of Sk(!, N ).<ref name="ref_4e8c6199" />
		+	# 2 Hecke operators acts by leftmultiplication on Hn.<ref name="ref_37449e63">[https://www2.math.ethz.ch/education/bachelor/seminars/ws0607/modular-forms/Hecke_operators.pdf Hecke-operators]</ref>
		+	# We see that with the properties of the Hecke operators we can get nice properties for the fourier expansion of these functions.<ref name="ref_37449e63" />
		+	# But Hecke showed where these properties come from (the properties of the hecke operator).<ref name="ref_37449e63" />
		+	# consisting of eigenfunctions for all Hecke operators, called eigenforms f ( ) = (cid:88) n=1 an(f )qn.<ref name="ref_b581426c">[https://archimede.mat.ulaval.ca/QUEBEC-MAINE/19/Truong19.pdf An explicit example of the hecke operator]</ref>
		+	# In this paper, we dene a graph for each Hecke operator with xed ramication.<ref name="ref_90b5ae24">[https://msp.org/ant/2013/7-1/ant-v7-n1-p02-s.pdf Volume 7]</ref>
		+	# A priori, these graphs can be seen as a convenient language to organize formulas for the action of Hecke operators on automorphic forms.<ref name="ref_90b5ae24" />
		+	# We develop a structure theory for certain graphs Gx of unramied Hecke operators, which is of a similar vein to Serres theory of quotients of BruhatTits trees.<ref name="ref_90b5ae24" />
		+	# Unramied Hecke operators 3.<ref name="ref_90b5ae24" />
		+	===소스===
		+	<references />

← 이전 판		2022년 7월 8일 (금) 05:24 판
92번째 줄:		92번째 줄:
	===소스===		===소스===
	<references />		<references />
		+
		+	== 메타데이터 ==
		+
		+	===위키데이터===
		+	* ID : [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1592959 Q1592959]
		+	===Spacy 패턴 목록===
		+	* [{'LOWER': 'hecker'}, {'LEMMA': 'operator'}]
		+	* [{'LOWER': 'hecke'}, {'LEMMA': 'operator'}]

← 이전 판		2022년 7월 8일 (금) 05:24 판
86번째 줄:		86번째 줄:
	===Spacy 패턴 목록===		===Spacy 패턴 목록===
	* [{'LOWER': 'hecke'}, {'LEMMA': 'operator'}]		* [{'LOWER': 'hecke'}, {'LEMMA': 'operator'}]
		+
		+	== 노트 ==
		+
		+	===말뭉치===
		+	===소스===
		+	<references />

@@ 81번째 줄: / 81번째 줄: @@
 * Takei, Luiz. 2011. On modular forms of weight 2 and representations of PSL(2, Z / pZ). 1103.3066 (March 15). http://arxiv.org/abs/1103.3066.
-== 메타데이터 ==
+==메타데이터==
 ===위키데이터===
 * ID :  [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1592959 Q1592959]

← 이전 판		2020년 12월 28일 (월) 14:02 판
80번째 줄:		80번째 줄:
	* Luo, Wenzhi, and Fan Zhou. 2014. “On the Hecke Eigenvalues of Maass Forms.” arXiv:1405.4937 [math], May. http://arxiv.org/abs/1405.4937.		* Luo, Wenzhi, and Fan Zhou. 2014. “On the Hecke Eigenvalues of Maass Forms.” arXiv:1405.4937 [math], May. http://arxiv.org/abs/1405.4937.
	* Takei, Luiz. 2011. On modular forms of weight 2 and representations of PSL(2, Z / pZ). 1103.3066 (March 15). http://arxiv.org/abs/1103.3066.		* Takei, Luiz. 2011. On modular forms of weight 2 and representations of PSL(2, Z / pZ). 1103.3066 (March 15). http://arxiv.org/abs/1103.3066.
		+
		+	== 메타데이터 ==
		+
		+	===위키데이터===
		+	* ID : [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1592959 Q1592959]

@@ 5번째 줄: / 5번째 줄: @@
 ==정의==
-* $\mathcal{M}_n$ : 행렬식이 $n$인 $2\times 2$ 정수 계수 행렬들의 집합
+* <math>\mathcal{M}_n</math> : 행렬식이 <math>n</math>인 <math>2\times 2</math> 정수 계수 행렬들의 집합
-* $f\in M_{k}(\Gamma_1)$, 즉 weight $k$인 모듈라 형식,
+* <math>f\in M_{k}(\Gamma_1)</math>, 즉 weight <math>k</math>인 모듈라 형식,
-* 자연수 $m$에 대하여, 헤케 연산자 $T_m$을 다음과 같이 정의
+* 자연수 <math>m</math>에 대하여, 헤케 연산자 <math>T_m</math>을 다음과 같이 정의
-$$
+:<math>
 T_m f(z) = m^{k-1}\sum_{\left(\begin{smallmatrix}a & b\\ c & d\end{smallmatrix}\right)\in\Gamma\backslash \mathcal{M}_m}(cz+d)^{-k}f\left(\frac{az+b}{cz+d}\right)
-$$
+</math>
 또는,
-$$
+:<math>
 T_m f(z) = m^{k-1}\sum_{a,d>0, ad=m}\frac{1}{d^k}\sum_{b \pmod d} f\left(\frac{az+b}{d}\right)=m^{k-1}\sum_{a,d>0, ad=m}\frac{1}{d^k}\sum_{b=0}^{d-1} f\left(\frac{az+b}{d}\right)
-$$
+</math>
-* 푸리에 전개가 $f(z)=\sum_{n=0}^{\infty} c(n) q^n$로 주어지면, $T_m f(z)=\sum_{n=0}^{\infty} \gamma_{m}(n) q^n$이라 할 때, 다음의 관계가 성립
+* 푸리에 전개가 <math>f(z)=\sum_{n=0}^{\infty} c(n) q^n</math>로 주어지면, <math>T_m f(z)=\sum_{n=0}^{\infty} \gamma_{m}(n) q^n</math>이라 할 때, 다음의 관계가 성립
-$$
+:<math>
   \gamma_{m}(n) = \sum_{r>0, r|(m,n)}r^{k-1}c(\frac{mn}{r^2}) \label{im}
-$$
+</math>
-* 가령 $\gamma_{m}(0)=c(0)\sigma_{2k-1}(m)$, $\gamma_{m}(1)=c(m)$
+* 가령 <math>\gamma_{m}(0)=c(0)\sigma_{2k-1}(m)</math>, <math>\gamma_{m}(1)=c(m)</math>
@@ 25번째 줄: / 25번째 줄: @@
 * 자연수 <math>m,n</math> 에 대하여, <math>T_{m}T_{n}=T_{n}T_{m}</math>
 * 서로 소인 자연수 <math>m,n</math> 에 대하여, <math>T_{mn}=T_{m}T_{n} \label{ram1}</math>
-* 소수 $p$와 자연수 $r$에 대하여, <math>T_{p^{r + 1}} = T_{p}T_{p^r} - p^{k-1}T_{p^{r - 1}} \label{ram2}</math>
+* 소수 <math>p</math>와 자연수 <math>r</math>에 대하여, <math>T_{p^{r + 1}} = T_{p}T_{p^r} - p^{k-1}T_{p^{r - 1}} \label{ram2}</math>
 ==고유 형식==
-* weight $k>0$인 모듈라 형식 $f\neq 0$가 $\{T_n|n\in \mathbb{N}\}$의 공통 고유 벡터, 즉 적당한 $\lambda(m), m\in \mathbb{N}$에 대하여,
+* weight <math>k>0</math>인 모듈라 형식 <math>f\neq 0</math>가 <math>\{T_n|n\in \mathbb{N}\}</math>의 공통 고유 벡터, 즉 적당한 <math>\lambda(m), m\in \mathbb{N}</math>에 대하여,
-$$
+:<math>
 T_mf=\lambda(m)f
-$$
+</math>
 를 만족할 때, 이를 고유 형식이라 한다
-* 고유 형식 $f$에 대한 푸리에 전개가 $f(z)=\sum_{n=0}^{\infty} c(n) q^n$으로 주어지면,
+* 고유 형식 <math>f</math>에 대한 푸리에 전개가 <math>f(z)=\sum_{n=0}^{\infty} c(n) q^n</math>으로 주어지면,
-$$
+:<math>
 T_mf(z)=\gamma_m(0)+\gamma_m(1)q+\gamma_m(2)q^2+\cdots=\lambda(m)\left(c(0)+c(1) q^1+c(2)q^2+\cdots\right)
-$$
+</math>
-이고 \ref{im}로부터 $\gamma_m(1)=c(m)=\lambda(m)c(1)$임을 알 수 있다
+이고 \ref{im}로부터 <math>\gamma_m(1)=c(m)=\lambda(m)c(1)</math>임을 알 수 있다
-* 이 때, $c(1)=1$이면, 다음이 성립한다
+* 이 때, <math>c(1)=1</math>이면, 다음이 성립한다
 # 서로 소인 자연수 <math>m,n</math> 에 대하여, <math>c(mn)=c(m)c(n) </math>
-# 소수 $p$와 자연수 $r$에 대하여, <math>c(p^{r + 1}) = c(p)c(p^r) - p^{k-1}c(p^{r - 1}) </math>
+# 소수 <math>p</math>와 자연수 <math>r</math>에 대하여, <math>c(p^{r + 1}) = c(p)c(p^r) - p^{k-1}c(p^{r - 1}) </math>
 ===예===
 * [[아이젠슈타인 급수(Eisenstein series)]]

@@ 74번째 줄: / 74번째 줄: @@
 ==관련논문==
 * Sakharova, Nina. ‘Convergence of the Zagier Type Series for the Cauchy Kernel’. arXiv:1503.05503 [math], 18 March 2015. http://arxiv.org/abs/1503.05503.
 * Holowinsky, Roman, Guillaume Ricotta, and Emmanuel Royer. ‘The Amplification Method in the GL(3) Hecke Algebra’. arXiv:1412.5022 [math], 16 December 2014. http://arxiv.org/abs/1412.5022.