오일러-가우스 초기하함수2F1

 

 

 

개요

• 정의
  \(\,_2F_1(a,b;c;z)=\sum_{n=0}^{\infty} \frac{(a)_n(b)_n}{(c)_nn!}z^n, |z|<1\)
  

• 적분표현
  \(\,_2F_1(a,b;c;z)=\frac{\Gamma(c)}{\Gamma(c-a)\Gamma(a)}\int_0^1t^{a-1}(1-t)^{c-a-1}(1-zt)^{b}\,dt\)
  

 

 

피카드-Fuchs 미분방정식

• \(\,_2F_1(a,b;c;z)\) 는 다음 미분방정식의 해가 된다
  \(z(1-z)\frac{d^2w}{dz^2}+(c-(a+b+1)z)\frac{dw}{dz}-abw = 0\)
  
• 초기하 미분방정식(Hypergeometric differential equations) 참조
  

 

 

타원적분과 초기하급수

•  
  
• 타원적분
  \(K(k) =\frac{\pi}{2}\,_2F_1(\frac{1}{2},\frac{1}{2};1;k^2)\)
  \(E(k) =\frac{\pi}{2}\,_2F_1(\frac{1}{2},-\frac{1}{2};1;k^2)\)
   
  

 

• 제1종타원적분 K (complete elliptic integral of the first kind)
  

\(K(k) = \int_0^{\frac{\pi}{2}} \frac{d\theta}{\sqrt{1-k^2 \sin^2\theta}} = \int_0^{\frac{\pi}{2}}\sum_{n=0}^{\infty}\frac{(\frac{1}{2})_n}{n!} k^{2n}\sin^{2n}\theta{d\theta} \)

\(\int_0^{\frac{\pi}{2}}\sin^{2n}\theta{d\theta}=\frac{\pi}{2}\frac{(\frac{1}{2})_n}{(1)_n}\) (감마함수) 이므로

\(K(k) = \frac{\pi}{2}\sum_{n=0}^{\infty}\frac{(\frac{1}{2})_n(\frac{1}{2})_n}{n!(1)_n}k^{2n} = \frac{\pi}{2}\,_2F_1(\frac{1}{2},\frac{1}{2};1;k^2)\)

 

 

 

 

special values

\(\,_2F_1(a,b;c;1)=\dfrac{\Gamma(c)\,\Gamma(c-a-b)}{\Gamma(c-a)\Gamma(c-b)}\)

\(\frac{\pi}{2}\,_2F_1(\frac{1}{2},\frac{1}{2};1;\frac{1}{2})=K(\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}})=\frac{1}{4}B(1/4,1/4)=\frac{\Gamma(\frac{1}{4})^2}{4\sqrt{\pi}}=1.8540746773\cdots\)

 

 

재미있는 사실

 

• 네이버 지식인 http://kin.search.naver.com/search.naver?where=kin_qna&query=

 

 

역사

• 수학사연표

 

 

 

 

관련된 항목들

• periods
  
• 무리수와 초월수
  
• 오일러 베타적분
  

 

 

수학용어번역

• http://www.google.com/dictionary?langpair=en%7Cko&q=
• 대한수학회 수학 학술 용어집
  
  • http://mathnet.kaist.ac.kr/mathnet/math_list.php?mode=list&ftype=eng_term&fstr=
• 대한수학회 수학용어한글화 게시판

 

 

사전 형태의 자료

• http://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/
• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/
• http://www.wolframalpha.com/input/?i=
• NIST Digital Library of Mathematical Functions
• The On-Line Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences
  
  • http://www.research.att.com/~njas/sequences/?q=

 

 

관련논문

• Transcendence of periods: the state of the art.
  
  • M. Waldschmidt., Pure Appl. Math. Q. 2 (2006), 435-463.
    
• On the Kummer Solutions of the Hypergeometric Equation
  
  • Reese T. Prosser, The American Mathematical Monthly, Vol. 101, No. 6 (Jun. - Jul., 1994), pp. 535-543

• http://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=
• http://dx.doi.org/

 

관련도서 및 추천도서

• 도서내검색
  
  • http://books.google.com/books?q=
  • http://book.daum.net/search/contentSearch.do?query=
• 도서검색
  
  • http://books.google.com/books?q=
  • http://book.daum.net/search/mainSearch.do?query=
  • http://book.daum.net/search/mainSearch.do?query=

 

 

관련기사

• 네이버 뉴스 검색 (키워드 수정)
  
  • http://news.search.naver.com/search.naver?where=news&x=0&y=0&sm=tab_hty&query=
  • http://news.search.naver.com/search.naver?where=news&x=0&y=0&sm=tab_hty&query=
  • http://news.search.naver.com/search.naver?where=news&x=0&y=0&sm=tab_hty&query=

 

 

블로그

• 구글 블로그 검색
  
  • http://blogsearch.google.com/blogsearch?q=
• 네이버 오늘의과학
• 수학동아
• Mathematical Moments from the AMS
• BetterExplained