"Ramond–Neveu–Schwarz model"의 두 판 사이의 차이

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(새 문서: ==introduction== ==background== * These efforts extended from the independent attempts of Lovelace and Shapiro to obtain the amplitude for the scattering of four pions to the constr...)
 
 
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1번째 줄: 1번째 줄:
 
==introduction==
 
==introduction==
 
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* In January 1971 Pierre Ramond constructed A dual model with fermions
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* Neveu and Schwarz proposed a new bosonic dual model, which we called the ‘dual pion model’, in March 1971
 +
* The two models are recognized as the two sectors of the Ramond–Neveu–Schwarz model
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* In the Ramond–Neveu–Schwarz (RNS) model one introduces, besides the bosonic oscillators <math>\alpha_n</math>, the fermionic oscillators <math>\psi_r^{\mu}</math>, where <math>r</math> is integer and half-integer in the Ramond (R) and Neveu–Schwarz (NS) sectors, respectively.
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* This theory had a rich spectrum of states, including both bosons and fermions, and required <math>d = 10</math> spacetime dimensions.
  
 
==background==
 
==background==
* These efforts extended from the independent attempts of Lovelace and Shapiro to obtain the amplitude for the scattering of four pions to the construction of dual models for the scattering of particles with internal symmetry and with spin.
+
* Lovelace and Shapiro : the scattering amplitude of four pions to the construction of dual models
* The first dual model including fermions was obtained by Ramond, as well as the immediately following model proposed by Neveu and Schwarz for extending the Lovelace–Shapiro amplitude to an arbitrary number of pions.  
+
* Neveu and Schwarz : extending the Lovelace–Shapiro amplitude to an arbitrary number of pions, that is, for the scattering of particles with internal symmetry and with spin.
 
* The Ramond and Neveu–Schwarz models were soon recognized as the two sectors, fermionic and bosonic, of the same model, called the Ramond–Neveu–Schwarz (RNS) model.
 
* The Ramond and Neveu–Schwarz models were soon recognized as the two sectors, fermionic and bosonic, of the same model, called the Ramond–Neveu–Schwarz (RNS) model.
 
* The spectrum contains both fermions and bosons, and is much richer than that of the dual resonance model. Unfortunately, it still contains a tachyon.
 
* The spectrum contains both fermions and bosons, and is much richer than that of the dual resonance model. Unfortunately, it still contains a tachyon.
 
  
 
==supersymmetry==
 
==supersymmetry==
13번째 줄: 16번째 줄:
 
* There is an equal number of bosons and fermions at every mass level. This was compelling evidence (though not a proof) for ‘ten-dimensional spacetime supersymmetry’ of the GSO-projected theory.
 
* There is an equal number of bosons and fermions at every mass level. This was compelling evidence (though not a proof) for ‘ten-dimensional spacetime supersymmetry’ of the GSO-projected theory.
 
* The realization that it could have spacetime supersymmetry was a major advance.
 
* The realization that it could have spacetime supersymmetry was a major advance.
 +
* Wess and Zumino extend the world-sheet supersymmetry of the Ramond–Neveu–Schwarz model to four-dimensional field theory
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==related items==
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* [[GSO projection]]
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* [[Dual quark model]]
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[[분류:string theory]]
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[[분류:migrate]]
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==메타데이터==
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===위키데이터===
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* ID :  [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7277278 Q7277278]
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===Spacy 패턴 목록===
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* [{'LOWER': 'rns'}, {'LEMMA': 'formalism'}]
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* [{'LOWER': 'ramond'}, {'OP': '*'}, {'LOWER': 'neveu'}, {'OP': '*'}, {'LOWER': 'schwarz'}, {'LEMMA': 'formalism'}]

2021년 2월 17일 (수) 02:33 기준 최신판

introduction

  • In January 1971 Pierre Ramond constructed A dual model with fermions
  • Neveu and Schwarz proposed a new bosonic dual model, which we called the ‘dual pion model’, in March 1971
  • The two models are recognized as the two sectors of the Ramond–Neveu–Schwarz model
  • In the Ramond–Neveu–Schwarz (RNS) model one introduces, besides the bosonic oscillators \(\alpha_n\), the fermionic oscillators \(\psi_r^{\mu}\), where \(r\) is integer and half-integer in the Ramond (R) and Neveu–Schwarz (NS) sectors, respectively.
  • This theory had a rich spectrum of states, including both bosons and fermions, and required \(d = 10\) spacetime dimensions.

background

  • Lovelace and Shapiro : the scattering amplitude of four pions to the construction of dual models
  • Neveu and Schwarz : extending the Lovelace–Shapiro amplitude to an arbitrary number of pions, that is, for the scattering of particles with internal symmetry and with spin.
  • The Ramond and Neveu–Schwarz models were soon recognized as the two sectors, fermionic and bosonic, of the same model, called the Ramond–Neveu–Schwarz (RNS) model.
  • The spectrum contains both fermions and bosons, and is much richer than that of the dual resonance model. Unfortunately, it still contains a tachyon.

supersymmetry

  • It was soon recognized, first by Gervais and Sakita, that the RNS model had a new kind of symmetry relating bosons and fermions. This was the first occurrence of supersymmetry.
  • There is an equal number of bosons and fermions at every mass level. This was compelling evidence (though not a proof) for ‘ten-dimensional spacetime supersymmetry’ of the GSO-projected theory.
  • The realization that it could have spacetime supersymmetry was a major advance.
  • Wess and Zumino extend the world-sheet supersymmetry of the Ramond–Neveu–Schwarz model to four-dimensional field theory


related items

메타데이터

위키데이터

Spacy 패턴 목록

  • [{'LOWER': 'rns'}, {'LEMMA': 'formalism'}]
  • [{'LOWER': 'ramond'}, {'OP': '*'}, {'LOWER': 'neveu'}, {'OP': '*'}, {'LOWER': 'schwarz'}, {'LEMMA': 'formalism'}]