Yang-Mills Theory(Non-Abelian gauge theory)

introduction

• This is not a quantum theory.
• This can be regarded as a generalization of electromagetics., i.e. bundle + connections
• looks like the coordinate invariance of gravity theory
• Gauge theory
• Usually, non-abelian gauge theory is called the YM theory.
  
  • QCD is one example.

 

 

basic concepts

• connection
• curvature

 

 

original Yang-Mills model

• three kinds of photon
  
  • one ordinary photon
  • two electrically charged photons with spin 1 which is physically impossible to exist
• massless gauge fields
  
  • for example, electromagnetic field(the only example at that time)

 

 

 

 

 

recipe

• prepare Dirac fields
• start with the free Dirac Lagrangian
• we demand the Lagrangian to be invariant under the SU(N) local gauge transformations
• structure constants are needed
• self-interaction of gauge fields starts to appear

 

 

Yang-Mills potential

• dual role
  
  • a field in space-time
  • operator in the isotopic-spin space

 

 

quantization of Yang-Mills theory

• We want to quantize this theory.
• standard model is a quantized version of a Yang-Mills theory of classical fields

 

 

books

• Baez and Muniain (“Knots, Gauge Fields and Gravity”, World Scientific 1994
• M. Nakahara “Geometry, Topology and Physics”.
• 찾아볼 수학책
• http://gigapedia.info/1/
• http://gigapedia.info/1/

 

 

expository

• Gauge Theory in Two Dimensions: Topological, Geometric and Probabilistic Aspects Ambar N. Sengupta
•  
  Introduction to Yang-Mills theories
  http://michaelnielsen.org/blog/yang_mills.pdf
  
• History of Yang-Mills theory and wishful thinking
  
  • The Reference Frame

• Overview of the links between the Langlands program and 4D super Yang-Mills 
• http://online.kitp.ucsb.edu/online/duallang_m10/frenkel/rm/flashtv.html
• Electromagnetic duality for children

 

articles

• Yang-Mills Theory and Geometry
  
  • Donaldson
• What Is Geometry?
  
  • Shiing-Shen Chern, The American Mathematical Monthly, Vol. 97, No. 8, Special Geometry Issue (Oct., 1990), pp. 679-686

 

 

encyclopedia

• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yang-Mills_theory
• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gauge_theory

 

 

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