겔만 행렬(Gell-Mann matrices)

 

 

개요

• a family of traceless Hermitian -matrices, orthonormalized
  \(\left( \begin{array}{ccc} 0 & 1 & 0 \\ 1 & 0 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 0 \end{array} \right),\left( \begin{array}{ccc} 0 & -i & 0 \\ i & 0 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 0 \end{array} \right),\left( \begin{array}{ccc} 1 & 0 & 0 \\ 0 & -1 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 0 \end{array} \right),\left( \begin{array}{ccc} 0 & 0 & 1 \\ 0 & 0 & 0 \\ 1 & 0 & 0 \end{array} \right),\left( \begin{array}{ccc} 0 & 0 & -i \\ 0 & 0 & 0 \\ i & 0 & 0 \end{array} \right),\left( \begin{array}{ccc} 0 & 0 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 1 \\ 0 & 1 & 0 \end{array} \right),\left( \begin{array}{ccc} 0 & 0 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & -i \\ 0 & i & 0 \end{array} \right),\left( \begin{array}{ccc} \frac{1}{\sqrt{3}} & 0 & 0 \\ 0 & \frac{1}{\sqrt{3}} & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & -\frac{2}{\sqrt{3}} \end{array} \right)\)
  

• 리대수 \(\mathfrak{su}(3)\) 의 기저
  
• 쿼크를 다루기 위해 도입됨
  
• SU(3) 대칭성이 등장하는 게이지 이론 에서 사용된다