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  1. Alan Turing, in a 1951 paper, proposed a test called "The Imitation Game" that might finally settle the issue of machine intelligence.[1]
  2. The dictionary.com entry on the Turing Test (click here) is short, but very clearly stated.[1]
  3. A longer, but point-form review of the imitation game and its modifications written by Larry Hauser, click here (if link fails, click here for a local copy) is also available.[1]
  4. The page also makes reference to John Searle's Chinese Room, a thought experiment developed as an attack on the Turing test and similar "behavioural" intelligence tests.[1]
  5. Know about John Searle's Chinese room thought experiment, a critique of the Turing test Learn about John Searle's Chinese room argument, a critique of the Turing test.[2]
  6. In 1981 American philosopher John Searle proposed the “Chinese room” argument, a powerful rejoinder to the idea that the Turing test can show that a machine could think.[2]
  7. To the Chinese speakers outside, the room has passed the Turing test.[2]
  8. A Turing Test is a method of inquiry in artificial intelligence (AI) for determining whether or not a computer is capable of thinking like a human being.[3]
  9. The original Turing Test requires three terminals, each of which is physically separated from the other two.[3]
  10. The Imitation Game involves no use of AI, but rather three human participants in three separate rooms.[3]
  11. The Turing Test has been criticized over the years, in particular because historically, the nature of the questioning had to be limited in order for a computer to exhibit human-like intelligence.[3]
  12. First, Turing sets the stage by introducing a party game, termed the Imitation Game, wherein a boy and a girl go into separate rooms.[4]
  13. Many have considered and criticized the Turing test since its conception in 1950.[4]
  14. Despite concerns about the Turing test, it provides a powerful, simple, tractable, and pragmatic tool to evaluate the ability of a computer to perform indistinguishably from a human.[4]
  15. Moreover, the Turing test allows for a broad examination of the computers abilities, not limiting the examination to only one subject area.[4]
  16. The Turing Test was proposed in a paper published in 1950 by mathematician and computing pioneer Alan Turing.[5]
  17. An updated version of the Turing Test has more than one human judge interrogating and chatting with both subjects.[5]
  18. The Loebner Prize is an annual Turing Test competition that was launched in 1991 by Hugh Loebner, an American inventor and activist.[5]
  19. Alan Turing predicted that a machine would pass the Turing Test by 2000.[5]
  20. “Blockhead” thought experiment is often said to be a (putative) knockdown objection to The Turing Test.[6]
  21. The phrase “The Turing Test” is sometimes used more generally to refer to some kinds of behavioural tests for the presence of mind, or thought, or intelligence in putatively minded entities.[6]
  22. So, for example, it is sometimes suggested that The Turing Test is prefigured in Descartes’ Discourse on the Method.[6]
  23. The phrase “The Turing Test” is most properly used to refer to a proposal made by Turing (1950) as a way of dealing with the question whether machines can think.[6]
  24. "The imitation game" redirects here.[7]
  25. Descartes therefore prefigures the Turing test by defining the insufficiency of appropriate linguistic response as that which separates the human from the automaton.[7]
  26. (This suggestion is very similar to the Turing test, but is concerned with consciousness rather than intelligence.[7]
  27. While neither of these formulations precisely matches the version of the Turing test that is more generally known today, he proposed a third in 1952.[7]
  28. In the last few years, several pieces of AI software have been described as having beaten the Turing Test.[8]
  29. But I would argue that the Turing Test hasn’t actually been passed at all.[8]
  30. Turing based his test on the “imitation game”, a party game in which a man pretended to be a woman and a judge tried to guess who was who by asking the concealed players questions.[8]
  31. This means a Turing Test based on Winograd schemas is a much better way to assess a computer’s linguistic and cultural fluency than a simple five-minute conversation.[8]
  32. The test, as Turing designed it, is carried out as a sort of imitation game.[9]
  33. But it might be better to say that the chatbot, a Russian-designed programme called Eugene, passed a Turing test.[9]
  34. Turing test competitions have been held for more than 20 years, and the strategies the robots employ have changed over time.[9]
  35. What about a musical turing test?[9]
  36. The Turing test developed by Alan Turing(Computer scientist) in 1950.[10]
  37. The “standard interpretation” of the Turing Test, in which player C, the interrogator, is given the task of trying to determine which player – A or B – is a computer and which is a human.[10]
  38. He argued that Turing test could not be used to determine “whether or not a machine is considered as intelligent like humans”.[10]
  39. He argued that any machine like ELIZA and PARRY could easily pass Turing Test simply by manipulating symbols of which they had no understanding.[10]
  40. In “The Turing Test,” the imitation game is subjected to an ironic reversal.[11]
  41. “The Turing Test” dramatizes the concept of machine thinking by creating a scenario in which it may be said that an A.I. demonstrates a higher level of moral reasoning than the humans around it.[11]
  42. “The Turing Test” achieves a rare harmony of gameplay and narrative.[11]
  43. “The Turing Test” was developed as an evolution of our last game, “Pneuma: Breath of Life,” as we felt there were strong themes we could build upon.[11]
  44. The Turing Test is a challenging first-person puzzle game set on Jupiter’s moon, Europa.[12]
  45. We also cover the sociological and psychological aspects of the Turing Test.[13]
  46. Finally, we look at the current situation and analyze programs that have been developed with the aim of passing the Turing Test.[13]
  47. We conclude that the Turing Test has been, and will continue to be, an influential and controversial topic.[13]
  48. Our prototype “visual Turing test” (VTT) is illustrated in Fig.[14]
  49. In 1950, Alan Turing introduced a test to check whether a machine can think like a human or not, this test is known as the Turing Test.[15]
  50. The Turing test is based on a party game "Imitation game," with some modifications.[15]
  51. However, no AI program to till date, come close to passing an undiluted Turing test".[15]
  52. It was one of the first chatterbots, which has attempted the Turing Test.[15]
  53. the Turing Test asks us to evaluate an unknown entity by comparing its performance, at least implicitly, with that of a known quantity, a human being.[16]
  54. “The Turing test is a red herring,” he declared in 2001.[16]
  55. Presumably a Turing Test judge should be familiar enough with the topic of conversation assigned to his terminal to hold up his end of an intelligent conversation.[16]
  56. The Turing test is regarded as the ultimate milestone for machine communication abilities.[17]
  57. Here we investigate the nature of the communications, including behaviors and interaction in real Turing test scenarios to assess the state of play.[17]
  58. Turing’s imitation game, commonly known as the Turing test, was originally posed as an alternative to the question of whether or not a machine could be said to think (Turing, 1950).[17]
  59. What we look at here is the imitation game itself in terms of its practical instantiation with regard to human-machine interaction.[17]
  60. No current machine appears close to passing the Turing test.[18]
  61. The Turing Test, originally proposed as a simple operational definition of intelligence, has now been with us for exactly half a century.[19]
  62. In this paper, we address both issues via a so-called ‘Turing test’ for crowds, using movies generated from both accurate simulations and observations of real crowds.[20]
  63. This is entirely consistent with Harel’s expectation of how a biological modelling Turing test might work; ‘… our interrogators can’t simply be any humans of average intelligence.[20]
  64. The Turing Test is part of the vocabulary of popular culture—it has appeared in works ranging from the Broadway play "Breaking the Code" to the comic strip "Robotman.[21]
  65. The writings collected by Stuart Shieber for this book examine the profound philosophical issues surrounding the Turing Test as a criterion for intelligence.[21]
  66. Turing's proposed thought experiment encapsulates the issues that the writings in The Turing Test define and discuss.[21]
  67. The second section contains all of Turing's writings on the Turing Test, including not only the Mind paper but also less familiar ephemeral material.[21]
  68. The man in the imitation game tries to imitate a woman and answers the questions as he believes a woman would answer.[22]
  69. Turing suggested that we apply the idea of the imitation game to computers and people.[22]
  70. Instead of directly answering this question, he proposes a test, the so-called Turing test or the ‘imitation game’.[23]
  71. This makes sense, as even the original Turing Test has long fallen out of favor with computer scientists as a test of machine intelligence.[24]
  72. For example, in 2014, news coverage pronounced that the Turing Test had been passed by a chatbot.[24]
  73. But this isn’t to say that the Turing Test is useless.[24]
  74. It’s in this framework that the Minimal Turing Test is best appreciated as a thought experiment, not a benchmark for AI progress.[24]
  75. The Turing test is a behavioural approach to determining whether or not a system is intelligent.[25]
  76. When computer scientist Alan Turing proposed what became known as the ‘Turing Test’ 70 years ago, he didn’t have the needs of business leaders in mind, or technology buying decisions.[26]
  77. In Turing Test terms, we have a long way to go.[26]

소스

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 Artificial Intelligence
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Turing test | Definition & Facts
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 What is Turing Test? A definition from WhatIs.com
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 Turing Test - an overview
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 Turing Test Definition
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 The Turing Test (Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy)
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 7.3 Turing test
  8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 8.2 8.3 Turing Test: why it still matters
  9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 9.2 9.3 What is the Turing test? And are we all doomed now?
  10. ↑ 10.0 10.1 10.2 10.3 Turing Test in Artificial Intelligence
  11. ↑ 11.0 11.1 11.2 11.3 ‘The Turing Test’ review: An AI game that achieves a rare harmony of gameplay and narrative
  12. ↑ Save 85% on The Turing Test on Steam
  13. ↑ 13.0 13.1 13.2 Turing Test: 50 Years Later
  14. ↑ Visual Turing test for computer vision systems
  15. ↑ 15.0 15.1 15.2 15.3 Turing Test in AI
  16. ↑ 16.0 16.1 16.2 The Trouble with the Turing Test
  17. ↑ 17.0 17.1 17.2 17.3 The Future of Human-Machine Communications: The Turing Test
  18. ↑ More human than human: a Turing test for photographed faces
  19. ↑ The Turing Test: the first 50 years
  20. ↑ 20.0 20.1 A Turing test for crowds
  21. ↑ 21.0 21.1 21.2 21.3 The Turing Test
  22. ↑ 22.0 22.1 Encyclopedia of Computer Science
  23. ↑ History of Artificial Intelligence: The Turing test
  24. ↑ 24.0 24.1 24.2 24.3 A one-word Turing Test suggests ‘poop’ is what sets us apart from the machines
  25. ↑ Turing Test
  26. ↑ 26.0 26.1 The Turing Test at 70: Lessons on intelligent machines

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