토르 네트워크

수학노트
Pythagoras0 (토론 | 기여)님의 2020년 12월 17일 (목) 01:33 판 (→‎노트: 새 문단)
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노트

  • Normally, this mechanism was used for preventing the basic versions of sniper attacks in the Tor network.[1]
  • Hence, in this article, a defense mechanism called Mid-DRRQ is proposed for protocol-level attacks against Tor network.[1]
  • Finally, the simulation results show that the proposed mechanism effectively prevents the protocol-level attacks against Tor network.[1]
  • Until this year, the internet privacy tool Tor was scarcely heard of outside the tech community.[2]
  • But while the NSA has tried to crack its security, Tor's principal source of funding has been other parts of the US government.[2]
  • The Tor project is a non-profit organisation that conducts research and development into online privacy and anonymity.[2]
  • Use of Tor has increased since the revelations about NSA surveillance.[2]
  • A Tor exit node is the last Tor node that traffic passes through in the Tor network before exiting onto the internet.[3]
  • Tor middle nodes: A Tor middle node is a Tor node that sits in the middle of the Tor network between a Tor guard node and a Tor exit node.[3]
  • A Tor middle node is a Tor node that sits in the middle of the Tor network between a Tor guard node and a Tor exit node.[3]
  • A message can interact with multiple Tor middle nodes before reaching a Tor exit node.[3]
  • Being a volunteer-run, distributed anonymity network, Tor is vulnerable to Sybil attacks.[4]
  • Little is known about real-world Sybils in the Tor network, and we lack practical tools and methods to expose Sybil attacks.[4]
  • The Tor Project is upgrading its protections for internet users' privacy and anonymity.[5]
  • Automated data collection techniques were used to leverage the interconnected nature of domains on Tor.[6]
  • The Tor network allows users to access the dark web through a specially developed web browser.[6]
  • Various types of malware have also been identified on the Tor network.[6]
  • TDC was able to navigate and collect hyperlink information for 1,220 unique dark web websites on the Tor network.[6]
  • A few caveats: Browsing the web over Tor is slower than the clearnet, and some major web services block Tor users.[7]
  • Tor Browser is also illegal in authoritarian regimes that want to prevent citizens from reading, publishing, and communicating anonymously.[7]
  • Tor Browser is available for Linux, Mac and Windows, and has also been ported to mobile.[7]
  • You can download desktop versions from the Tor Project website.[7]
  • From what I have seen, it behaves the same way that the PC Tor Browser does, offering many of the same features, security and anonymity.[8]
  • Of the many Tor browsers for iOS I have tried, Onion Browser tales the cake.[8]
  • Knowing that The Tor Project endorses Onion Browser is a huge step forward for Tor use on iOS and mobile platforms I general.[8]
  • Until The Tor Project is able to develop and release the real Tor Browser for iOS and mobile, Onion Browser certainly does the trick.[8]
  • Tor is one of the easiest ways to browse the web anonymously.[9]
  • By contrast, when you visit a website using the Tor browser, your computer never communicates with the website’s server directly.[9]
  • Instead, the Tor browser constructs a twisty path through a random set of 3 Tor nodes, and sends your data via this circuit.[9]
  • All you have to do to access Tor is download the Tor browser.[9]
  • Tor Browser will ALWAYS be free, but donations make it possible.[10]
  • Tor Browser isolates each website you visit so third-party trackers and ads can’t follow you.[10]
  • Tor Browser prevents someone watching your connection from knowing what websites you visit.[10]
  • When you use Tor Browser for Android, your traffic is relayed and encrypted three times as it passes over the Tor network.[10]
  • Tor is an internet communication method for enabling online anonymity.[11]
  • The easiest way to access the Tor network is through the Tor Browser.[11]
  • Warrington commented: “It’s a myth to think that using Tor (even with a VPN) gives you total anonymity.[11]
  • – This feature was developed jointly by Tor and Mozilla and is now fully integrated into Firefox, although currently disabled by default.[11]
  • Tor does not prevent an online service from determining that it is being accessed through Tor.[12]
  • As a result, some websites restrict or even deny access through Tor.[12]
  • In 2014, the EFF's Eva Galperin told BusinessWeek magazine that "Tor’s biggest problem is press.[12]
  • Since they're willing to break laws, they already have lots of options available that provide better privacy than Tor provides....[12]
  • Tor is a volunteer-run service that provides both privacy and anonymity online by masking who you are and where you are connecting.[13]
  • The Tor Browser works just like a regular web browser .[13]
  • Keep in mind that only activities you do inside of Tor Browser itself will be anonymized.[13]
  • This example shows Tor Browser Version 8.0.8, which was the most current version at the time this guide was published.[13]
  • Tor, short for 'The Onion Router', is an open source privacy network that permits users to browse the web anonymously.[14]
  • The Tor network uses an onion routing technique for transmitting data, hence, the original name, Onion Router.[14]
  • To operate within the Tor network, a user has to install the Tor browser.[14]
  • We show that only a small fraction of users globally (∼6.7%) likely use Tor for malicious purposes on an average day.[15]
  • Although other similar tools exist, The Onion Router (Tor) is currently the largest anonymity network.[15]
  • Tor users can act as publishers of content by using the network to anonymously administer Onion/Hidden Services for the use of others.[15]
  • Overall, a technology like the Tor anonymity network might do more harm than good.[15]
  • Some popular websites have now even started to run their own Tor onion services, including Facebook and Pro Publica.[16]
  • It’s easy to route not just your web browsing over Tor, but instant messaging, too.[16]
  • The Tor network is a group of volunteer-operated servers that allows people to improve their privacy and security on the Internet.[17]
  • Tor's hidden services let users publish web sites and other services without needing to reveal the location of the site.[17]
  • Journalists use Tor to communicate more safely with whistleblowers and dissidents.[17]
  • Groups such as Indymedia recommend Tor for safeguarding their members' online privacy and security.[17]
  • The name Tor comes from “The Onion Router” which was the early project name when it launched in 2002.[18]
  • Tor is a project that has created a network for routing anonymous traffic.[18]
  • The Tor network consists of Tor relays that route traffic.[18]
  • Tor is not just used for browsing the Web.[18]
  • In a previous post, I presented the main techniques used to hack Tor networks and de-anonymize Tor users.[19]
  • “Over the last few days, we received and read reports saying that several Tor relays were seized by government officials.[19]
  • In the second phase, the team started the live sessions using real Tor traffic.[19]
  • The attackers force Bitcoin servers to refuse connections via Tor and other anonymity services.[19]
  • This is reminiscent of a reported malware in 2017 called BrickerBot, a malware variant hosted in Tor having Mirai-like techniques.[20]
  • Because of Tor’s available environment, the server remains anonymous, therefore keeping the malware creator and/or C&C owner unidentifiable.[20]
  • There are tens of thousands of websites on the Dark Web that use the high-level .onion domain, and Tor is used to access these sites.[21]
  • We will examine how TOR realize the anonymity and utilize its service by downloading and using Tor browser software.[22]
  • We will learn how to manage the hidden server using Tor circuit and configure the web server not to reveal the software version information.[22]
  • At first glance, the terminology around Tor can seem intimidating and alien.[23]
  • Once you're in the Tor network, it's nearly impossible for others to track your traffic's manic pinballing path across the globe.[23]
  • Head to the official site and download the Tor browser.[23]
  • But once you're in, you can use Tor just as you would any other browser.[23]
  • A specialty in Tor is that all data packets that are sent are structured completely identical for security reasons.[24]
  • In an earlier implementation, Tor was an example of networks without generated traffic noise to make traffic analysis more difficult.[24]
  • In this work we describe a method to deanonymize any hidden service on Tor based on traffic analysis, which is a threat to anonymity online.[24]
  • Part II discusses Tor generally.[25]
  • Part III explores the treatment of Tor in the countries of the United States, China, Saudi Arabia, and the United Arab Emirates.[25]
  • Tor is an Internet networking protocol designed to anonymize the data relayed across it.[26]
  • The Tor network runs through the computer servers of thousands of volunteers (over 4,500 at time of publishing) spread throughout the world.[26]
  • Your data is bundled into an encrypted packet when it enters the Tor network.[26]
  • Finally, Tor encrypts the rest of the addressing information, called the packet wrapper.[26]
  • Using a distributed network of nodes on the Internet, Tor provides users anonymity.[27]
  • Tor is able to do this because it hides your IP address and the addresses of sites you visit.[27]
  • Moreover, Tor nodes are run by volunteers without any centralized control.[27]
  • The easiest way to use Tor is to use the Tor Browser.[27]
  • “It seems that the government of Venezuela has found out how to do a very sophisticated block for the Tor network.[28]
  • a very small faction of Tor users’ says that there is a way to track at least some Tor users – even if it is only a small fraction.[29]
  • This suggests that Tor may not be entirely bad (from the perspective of the intelligence community).[29]
  • The Tor Project makes a browser that allows anyone to surf the Internet anonymously.[30]
  • Tor stands for "the onion router" and that describes how the service works.[30]
  • Based on data across the CloudFlare network, 94% of requests that we see across the Tor network are per se malicious.[30]
  • The design of the Tor browser intentionally makes building a reputation for an individual browser very difficult.[30]
  • This configuration is based on the Tor documentation for how to run a private tor network.[31]
  • This project is in no way associated with the Tor Project or their developers.[31]
  • Like many people I'm a fan of Tor and recommend considering ways you can help the project.[31]
  • (FBI)—highlights risks associated with Tor, along with technical details and recommendations for mitigation.[32]
  • This software is maintained by the Tor Project, a nonprofit organization that provides internet anonymity and anti-censorship tools.[32]
  • The risk of being the target of malicious activity routed through Tor is unique to each organization.[32]
  • This assessment should consider legitimate reasons that non-malicious users may prefer to, or need to, use Tor for accessing the network.[32]
  • You may have heard of Tor, a distributed network designed to anonymize users’ online activities.[33]
  • The Tor network uses randomly chosen routes, consisting of “relays” and “exit nodes” offered by many anonymous parties.[33]
  • A relay is a computer that passes on your network requests to another computer on the Tor network.[33]
  • Malware has even been injected into Tor traffic by malicious parties.[33]
  • The Tor project received support from the RIPE NCC Community Projects Fund 2019.[34]
  • At the Tor project, one of our goals for 2020 was to improve the Tor network's IPv6 support.[34]
  • At Tor, we use a tool called 'Chutney' to configure and create Tor test networks as well as monitor and run tests in the network.[34]
  • Finally, we focused on measuring the number of Tor relays that support IPv6 reachability checks.[34]

소스

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Defense Against Protocol Level Attack in Tor Network using Deficit Round Robin Queuing Process
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 What is Tor? A beginner's guide to the privacy tool
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 Defending Against the Malicious Use of the Tor Network
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 Identifying and Characterizing Sybils in the Tor Network
  5. ↑ Tor network – News, Research and Analysis – The Conversation – page 1
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 Uncovering Tor: An Examination of the Network Structure
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 7.3 What is the Tor Browser? And how the dark web browser works
  8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 8.2 8.3 ‎Onion Browser
  9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 9.2 9.3 What Is Tor and Why Should I Use It?
  10. ↑ 10.0 10.1 10.2 10.3 Apps on Google Play
  11. ↑ 11.0 11.1 11.2 11.3 Tor security: Everything you need to know about the anonymity network
  12. ↑ 12.0 12.1 12.2 12.3 Tor (anonymity network)
  13. ↑ 13.0 13.1 13.2 13.3 How to: Use Tor on macOS
  14. ↑ 14.0 14.1 14.2 Tor Definition
  15. ↑ 15.0 15.1 15.2 15.3 The potential harms of the Tor anonymity network cluster disproportionately in free countries
  16. ↑ 16.0 16.1 How to Use Tor and Go Anonymous Online
  17. ↑ 17.0 17.1 17.2 17.3 What is the Tor Network?
  18. ↑ 18.0 18.1 18.2 18.3 The Tor Network – FAQ
  19. ↑ 19.0 19.1 19.2 19.3 Hacking the Tor Network: Follow Up [Updated 2020]
  20. ↑ 20.0 20.1 Keeping a Hidden Identity: Mirai C&Cs in Tor Network
  21. ↑ Definition of Tor
  22. ↑ 22.0 22.1 Free Online Course: Security and Privacy in TOR Network from Coursera
  23. ↑ 23.0 23.1 23.2 23.3 What is Tor? Your guide to using the private browser
  24. ↑ 24.0 24.1 24.2 Critical traffic analysis on the tor network
  25. ↑ 25.0 25.1 "The Tor Network: A Global Inquiry into the Legal Status of Anonymity N" by Keith D. Watson
  26. ↑ 26.0 26.1 26.2 26.3 What Is Tor? Answers to Frequently Asked Questions
  27. ↑ 27.0 27.1 27.2 27.3 Tor Network
  28. ↑ Venezuela blocks access to the Tor network
  29. ↑ 29.0 29.1 Digital thinking tools for better decision making
  30. ↑ 30.0 30.1 30.2 30.3 The Trouble with Tor
  31. ↑ 31.0 31.1 31.2 antitree/private-tor-network: Run an isolated instance of a tor network in Docker containers
  32. ↑ 32.0 32.1 32.2 32.3 Defending Against Malicious Cyber Activity Originating from Tor
  33. ↑ 33.0 33.1 33.2 33.3 The Mac Security Blog
  34. ↑ 34.0 34.1 34.2 34.3 A Look Into the Tor Network Work on Supporting IPv6
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