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1. Some researchers have suggested that the term 'quantum supremacy' should not be used, arguing that the word "supremacy" evokes distasteful comparisons to the racist belief of white supremacy.
2. That met the definition for quantum supremacy—the moment a quantum machine does something impractical for a conventional computer.
3. Thursday, China’s leading quantum research group made its own declaration of quantum supremacy, in the journal Science.
4. Google has officially announced that it’s achieved quantum supremacy in a new article published in the scientific journal Nature.
5. This is what “quantum supremacy” means.
6. ​It’s felt like for years we’ve been waiting for an announcement of what people call quantum supremacy.
7. And what quantum supremacy means is a quantum computer can do something that no ordinary classical computer can match.
8. And I think that difference is really what people have in mind when they talk about quantum supremacy.
9. What is “quantum supremacy” and why is it important in talking about quantum computing?
10. So in this practical sense, quantum supremacy by itself, to me, does not mean very much.
11. But what will be really exciting — and this is a key goal in the field — is achieving that quantum advantage for things that are useful.
12. It provides the information you’ll need to understand what quantum supremacy means, and whether it’s really been achieved.
13. What is quantum supremacy and why is it important?
14. To achieve quantum supremacy, a quantum computer would have to perform any calculation that, for all practical purposes, a classical computer can’t.
15. The task that will be used to test quantum supremacy is contrived — more of a parlor trick than a useful advance (more on this shortly).
16. Indeed, IBM, which has its own 53-qubit quantum computer, prefers a higher threshold for quantum supremacy, which explains its argument that Google has not yet reached the milestone.
17. We will see more of this sort of back and forth when it comes to claims of quantum supremacy, says Knight.
18. The researchers said this meant the “quantum supremacy”, when quantum computers carry out calculations that had previously been impossible, had been achieved.
19. Led by John Martinis, an experimental physicist from the University of California, Santa Barbara, Google first predicted it would reach quantum supremacy by the end of 2017.
20. A study from Google claiming quantum supremacy, accidentally leaked online last month, has now been published in Nature.
21. IBM says the threshold for quantum supremacy—doing something a classical computer can’t—has thus still not been met.
22. “Google called their shot,” he adds, noting that the company detailed exactly how it would demonstrate quantum supremacy a couple of years ago.
23. Scientists at Google say that they have achieved quantum supremacy, a long-awaited milestone in quantum computing.
24. Quantum supremacy has long been seen as a milestone because it proves that quantum computers can outperform classical computers, says Martinis.
25. Google thinks their evidence for quantum supremacy is airtight.
26. This particular notion of “quantum supremacy” is based on executing a random quantum circuit of a size infeasible for simulation with any available classical computer.
27. The concept of “quantum supremacy” showcases the resources unique to quantum computers, such as direct access to entanglement and superposition.
28. It is well known in the quantum community that we at IBM are concerned of where the term “quantum supremacy” has gone.
29. Quantum supremacy consists of performing a task in a quantum computer using exponentially fewer resources than a traditional computer would use.
30. Experts agree that many hours of work — and probably many more articles — will be required in order to put the topic of quantum supremacy to rest.
31. Is “quantum supremacy,” divorced from practical applications, an important milestone at all?
32. Assuming Google has achieved quantum supremacy, what exactly has it proved — and is it something anyone doubted in the first place?
33. A protocol that I came up with a couple years ago uses a sampling process, just like in Google’s quantum supremacy experiment, to generate random bits.
34. Google made headlines in late 2019 with an experiment that demonstrated quantum supremacy for the first time.
35. Movassagh, however, proved that RCS is still a difficult task when including some specific additive errors, thereby significantly advancing toward a proof of the quantum supremacy conjecture.
36. Sebastian Deffner, of the University of Maryland Baltimore County, will present a new theory of quantum thermodynamics at the quantum supremacy session.
37. Quantum supremacy, whereby a quantum computer solves a problem in a significantly shorter time than a conventional (classical) computer, may have been achieved for the first time.
38. If this is indeed the first demonstration of quantum supremacy, it does not mean that practical quantum computers will soon be available.
39. Not everyone agrees that Google's announcement represents true quantum supremacy.
40. Still, Google's success is a noteworthy steppingstone on what will probably be a long and winding road to quantum supremacy, Preskill said.
41. What led you to coin the phrase "quantum supremacy" in 2012?
42. Quantum supremacy refers to quantum computers being able to solve a problem that a classical computer cannot.
43. Some experts even question the term ‘quantum supremacy’ coined by theoretical physicist John Preskill of the California Institute of Technology, United States.
44. Quantum supremacy is achieved when a quantum device is proven to be able to carry out a task that a classical computer would find impossible, or take too long to complete.
45. Quantum supremacy has only been claimed once before.
46. But by the time Google formally declared its achievement—which had leaked a month earlier—its quantum-computing rival IBM was already contending that quantum supremacy’s moment had not yet arrived.
47. A tiny bit of technical detail: When discussing quantum supremacy, there are two kinds of computers to consider.
48. But the very phrase “quantum supremacy” has an epoch-shifting finality to it, as if achieving it will immediately usher in end times for classical computers.
49. Google has not, it asserts, achieved the highly prized goal of quantum supremacy.
50. They add that because “quantum supremacy” requires a quantum computer to solve a problem that is beyond a classical computer, Google’s claim does not hold up.
51. Since the advent of the first experimental qubits, tech firms have been racing to demonstrate what the US physicist John Preskill dubbed “quantum supremacy”.
52. And so it is with this first report of quantum computational supremacy,” Oliver said.
53. So last September, a paper leaked online that was written by researchers at Google that said that they had achieved this thing called quantum supremacy.
54. Gideon Lichfield: What’s going on here is that IBM isn’t just skeptical that Google achieved quantum supremacy in this particular instance.
55. It just thinks quantum supremacy is not very important.
56. And I wanted to ask you to explain where this term quantum supremacy even comes from, and why has it become so contested?
57. We will discuss this “feud” a little more below after a short video by Google on their claims of “quantum supremacy”.
58. When Google’s quantum supremacy paper leaked a month ago—not through Google’s error, but through NASA’s—I had a hard time figuring out how to cover the news here.
59. I find this to be much, much better than IBM’s initial reaction to the Google leak, which was simply to dismiss the importance of quantum supremacy as a milestone.
60. But does IBM’s analysis mean that “quantum supremacy” hasn’t been achieved?
61. No, it doesn’t—at least, not under any definition of “quantum supremacy” that I’ve ever used.
62. TOKYO -- It is called "quantum supremacy," the ability to harness quantum technology to achieve computational power that cannot be achieved by a conventional computer.
63. That changed when Google claimed the achievement of quantum supremacy in the British scientific journal Nature last year.
64. On Wednesday, Google published a scientific paper in the journal Nature detailing how its quantum computer vastly outpaced a conventional machine, an idea called quantum supremacy.
65. That met the definition for quantum advantage — the moment a quantum computer carries out a task that would be otherwise impossible for a conventional computer.
66. This makes Jiuzhang the second quantum computer in the world to achieve quantum advantage and represents a step forward for this budding field.
67. Recently, Google claimed that it had achieved quantum supremacy – the first time a quantum computer has outperformed a traditional one.
68. That means that for now, claims of quantum supremacy have to be taken with a pinch of salt.
69. In October 2019, Google published a paper suggesting it had achieved quantum supremacy – the point at which a quantum computer can outperform a classical computer.
70. After weeks of speculation, megacorporation Google is claiming to have achieved “quantum supremacy” in a paper published in the prestigious journal Nature.
71. American theoretical physicist John Preskill first coined the term “quantum supremacy” back in 2012.
72. It’s important to note that quantum supremacy doesn’t mean a quantum computer can solve a task that’s impossible for a classical computer.
73. Unfortunately, this means that some researchers have focused on quantum supremacy as an end in itself, building useless devices to get there.
74. Now, optical quantum computers have joined the club with a painstakingly configured device that doesn’t quite manage to demonstrate quantum supremacy.
75. But before we get to the news, let's delve into the world of quantum supremacy.
76. So, I accept the necessity of quantum supremacy—no one wants to pursue a dead end—but I still dislike what it's doing to current research.
77. To be sure, one developer showing quantum advantage for a single task does not mean the quantum cyberattacks will start tomorrow, so panic should be avoided.
78. But, despite the hype, attaining quantum advantage does signal an approaching time when these attacks could become possible.
79. Achieving quantum advantage or “supremacy” is bittersweet, then, given the potential for both benefit and harm.
80. Google’s announcement that it has reached quantum advantage or “supremacy” is a great achievement in the long push to develop pragmatic quantum computers that can benefit society.
81. The team’s results, published today in Nature, provide a proof of concept for quantum supremacy and establish a baseline comparison of time-to-solution and energy consumption.
82. There’s good recap of the work by Tom Simonite in Wired, putting it into context with other efforts, such as Google’s, to achieve quantum supremacy.
83. The latest work is significant both in that it uses an optical approach and also that it seemingly avoids a “loophole” in Google’s work on quantum supremacy.