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  1. Formal UNIX certification started in 1995, with all the major UNIX vendors certifying their products.[1]
  2. The latest version of the certification standard is UNIX V7, aligned with the Single UNIX Specification Version 4, 2018 Edition.[1]
  3. The Open Group grants licenses through the UNIX Certification Program.[1]
  4. Read details on the UNIX certification.[1]
  5. Unix is the most powerful and popular multi-user and multi-tasking Operating System.[2]
  6. The basic concepts of Unix were originated in the Multics project of 1969.[2]
  7. We will understand how user commands are executed in Unix.[2]
  8. UNIX is an operating system which was first developed in the 1960s, and has been under constant development ever since.[3]
  9. UNIX systems also have a graphical user interface (GUI) similar to Microsoft Windows which provides an easy to use environment.[3]
  10. There are many different versions of UNIX, although they share common similarities.[3]
  11. An UNIX Terminal window will then appear with a % prompt, waiting for you to start entering commands.[3]
  12. To use the Unix trademark, an operating system vendor must pay a licensing fee and annual trademark royalties to The Open Group.[4]
  13. Unix and Unix-like operating systems employ a hierarchical (inverted tree) directory structure, with the root directory ( ) at the top.[4]
  14. Most Unix and Unix-like systems include tools and libraries for writing, compiling, and debugging C, C++, and Fortran programs.[4]
  15. Most Unix and Unix-like systems include tools and libraries for writing, compiling, and debugging C, C++, and programs.[4]
  16. Even so, most software developers, even those who have grown up during this venerable "Linux revolution" have at least heard of Unix.[5]
  17. Unix grew quickly in academia, with Berkeley becoming a significant center of activity, given Ken Thompson's sabbatical there in the '70s.[5]
  18. With all the activity around Unix at Berkeley, a new delivery of Unix software was born: the Berkeley Software Distribution, or BSD.[5]
  19. Initially, BSD was not an alternative to AT&T's Unix, but an add-on with additional software and capabilities.[5]
  20. the number of UNIX installations has grown to 10, with more expected..." - Dennis Ritchie and Ken Thompson, June 1972 "...[6]
  21. Unix was born in 1969 not 1974, and the account of its development makes a little-known and perhaps instructive story.[6]
  22. Today, without UNIX systems, the Internet would come to a screeching halt.[6]
  23. The trade mark UNIX was ubiquitous, but it was applied to a multitude of different, incompatible products.[6]
  24. The resulting system, much smaller and simpler than Multics, was to become Unix.[7]
  25. Douglas McIlroy then ported TMG compiler-compiler to PDP-7 assembly, creating the first high-level language running on Unix.[7]
  26. Bell Labs used this initial text-processing system, consisting of Unix, roff, and the editor, for text processing of patent applications.[7]
  27. After other Bell Labs departments purchased DEC PDP-11s, they also chose to run Unix instead of DEC's own operating system.[7]
  28. Unix systems are characterized by a modular design that is sometimes called the "Unix philosophy".[8]
  29. Later, Unix gradually gained portability, multi-tasking and multi-user capabilities in a time-sharing configuration.[8]
  30. The Unix operating system consists of many libraries and utilities along with the master control program, the kernel.[8]
  31. Version 4 Unix, however, still had many PDP-11 dependent codes, and was not suitable for porting.[8]
  32. Unix is a computer Operating System which is capable of handling activities from multiple users at the same time.[9]
  33. The development of Unix started around 1969 at AT&T Bell Labs by Ken Thompson and Dennis Ritchie.[9]
  34. All the data of Unix is organized into files.[10]
  35. All data in Unix is organized into files.[10]
  36. You typically need to be the super user or root (the most privileged account on a Unix system) to shut down the system.[10]
  37. However, on some standalone or personally-owned Unix boxes, an administrative user and sometimes regular users can do so.[10]
  38. UNIX was quickly adapted for another computer, and the team ported (modified) it to the PDP-11 by late 1970.[11]
  39. Thompson left Bell Laboratories for a while and taught a course on UNIX at the University of California at Berkeley in the mid-1970s.[11]
  40. Students and professors there further enhanced UNIX, eventually creating a version of UNIX called Berkeley Software Distribution (BSD).[11]
  41. Unix was developed in AT&T’s Bell Labs back in the mid-to-late 1960’s.[12]
  42. Unix also had a single file system that programs use to communicate with each other.[12]
  43. Like any history going back over 40 years, the history of Unix and its descendants is messy.[12]
  44. One group of Unix descendants were developed in academia.[12]
  45. Except for Windows, all these operating systems are Unix based.[13]
  46. commercial applications run on Unix servers; however, most websites run under Linux, which is a variant of Unix.[13]
  47. Both Unix and the C programming language were developed by AT&T, dating back to the early 1970s.[13]
  48. As a result, Unix became synonymous with "open systems" and thrives today on virtually every hardware platform.[13]
  49. But Bell computer scientists Ken Thompson and Dennis Ritchie decided to continue the work, which culminated in Unix's development.[14]
  50. This increased Unix's portability to other computing platforms.[14]
  51. How Unix works and why it's important Unix has a set of concepts that make it unique.[14]
  52. For example, Unix uses plain text to store data.[14]
  53. UNIX is an operating system developed in the Bell Laboratories of AT&T and is an example a multi-tasking, multi-user operating system.[15]
  54. UNIX provides a series of shells.[15]
  55. The shell interacts with the UNIX's Kernel which is heart of the operatiing system.[15]
  56. Can UNIX stand on its own without Linux?[16]
  57. Can Linux stand on its own without UNIX?[16]
  58. Systems that pass can be called UNIX, systems that don’t can be called UNIX-like or UNIX system-like.[16]
  59. Most Linux applications are available for free, while UNIX applications generally cost money.[16]
  60. The Unix OS works on CLI (Command Line Interface), but recently, there have been developments for GUI on Unix systems.[17]
  61. Different flavors of Unix have different pricing depending upon the type of vendor.[17]
  62. The UNIX can be used in internet servers, workstations, and PCs.[17]
  63. There are between 80 to 120 viruses reported till date in Unix.[17]
  64. The asterisk (*) is referred to as a wildcard symbol in unix.[18]
  65. The UNIX terminal has many shortcuts using the keyboard to make it easier to edit commands.[18]
  66. The Unix tools were designed, written, actively used and refined by the team that defined the modern computing landscape.[19]
  67. this was a big step forwards in terms of the system's portability - and released the Fifth Edition of UNIX to universities in 1974.[20]
  68. UNIX flavours based on SYSV have traditionally been more conservative, but better supported than BSD-based flavours.[20]
  69. Remember that UNIX is case sensitive (i.e. Will, WILL and will are all different logins).[20]
  70. A pun on Multics to sound like eunuchs, as Unix was considered to be an emasculated Multics (see multi- and uni-).[21]
  71. There is some variation in how implementations handle UNIX domain socket addresses that do not follow the above rules.[22]
  72. On Linux, this is required to successfully send ancillary data over a UNIX domain stream socket.[22]
  73. When sending ancillary data over a UNIX domain datagram socket, it is not necessary on Linux to send any accompanying real data.[22]

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  • [{'LEMMA': 'Unix'}]
  • [{'LEMMA': 'UNIX'}]
  • [{'LEMMA': 'unics'}]
  • [{'LOWER': 'uniplexed'}, {'LOWER': 'information'}, {'LOWER': 'and'}, {'LOWER': 'computing'}, {'LEMMA': 'System'}]
  • [{'LOWER': 'uniplexed'}, {'LOWER': 'information'}, {'LOWER': 'and'}, {'LOWER': 'computing'}, {'LEMMA': 'Service'}]