Quantum decoherence

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1. However, a major hurtle remains that will require immense efforts to overcome: decoherence.
2. Quantum scientists have their work cut out for them in wrangling all of these potential sources of decoherence.
3. Let’s be clear: decoherence is still a problem for quantum sensing.
4. Quantum computing experts are finding ways suppress decoherence, and they’re making big improvements every year.
5. Thus we clarify that decoherence is not a new theory unto itself, but is instead an efficient and fruitful repackaging of theory.
6. If it is not perfectly isolated, for example during a measurement, coherence is shared with the environment and appears to be lost with time; a process called quantum decoherence.
7. Decoherence does not generate actual wave-function collapse.
8. Specifically, decoherence does not attempt to explain the measurement problem.
9. Rather, decoherence provides an explanation for the transition of the system to a mixture of states that seem to correspond to those states observers perceive.
10. The decoherence (which accounts for the disappearance) of macroscopic quantum effects is shown experimentally to be correlated with the loss of isolation.
11. " Decoherence theorists say that they add no new elements to quantum mechanics (such as "hidden variables") but they do deny one of the three basic assumptions - namely Dirac's projection postulate.
12. Nonlocality and quantum entanglement (which is used to "derive" decoherence).
13. Decoherence advocates therefore look to other attempts to formulate quantum mechanics.
14. Observationally, the decoherence effect predicted by the event formalism will be the sum of these two effects.
15. An experimental study of this weaker decoherence effect with sufficient statistical confidence requires a significant number of satellite passes.
16. OpenUrl CrossRef ↵ T. C. Ralph , J. Pienaar , Entanglement decoherence in a gravitational well according to the event formalism .
17. The modern foundation of decoherence as a subject in its own right was laid by H.-D. Zeh in the early 1970s (Zeh 1970, 1973).
18. In fact, the term decoherence refers to two largely overlapping areas of research.
19. The second (the theory of ‘decoherent histories’ or ‘consistent histories’) is an abstract and more general formalism capturing essential features of decoherence.
20. Finally, in Section 4 we describe the overall picture of the emergent structures that result from this use of decoherence, as well as a few more speculative applications.
21. The term decoherence is used in many fields of (quantum) physics to describe the disappearance or absence of certain superpositions of quantum states.
22. Equivalently, decoherence describes irreversibly increasing entanglement as a consequence of a unitary global dynamics.
23. From this perspective, some types of the decoherence processes can be more easily corrected, without any external dynamical operations with the environment, comparing to others, more destructive ones.
24. It opens the broad possibility of further investigations, various extensions and refining of operational understanding what the decoherence actually is about.
25. Consequently, for small k’s the trace left by the exciton in the bath is too weak to be distinguished from the vacuum case and, thus, decoherence is only partial4.
26. The decoherence was determined through a contrast loss at different beam path separations, surface distances and conductibilities.
27. The results will enable the determination and minimization of specific decoherence channels in the design of novel quantum instruments.
28. The decoherence was measured in dependence of the path separation and the electron beam distance to the surface.
29. In a separate experiment a gold plate was introduced as the decoherence surface (also at room temperature).
30. This paper gives an overview of the theory and experimental observation of the decoherence mechanism.
31. We introduce the essential concepts and the mathematical formalism of decoherence, focusing on the picture of the decoherence process as a continuous monitoring of a quantum system by its environment.
32. We review several classes of decoherence models and discuss the description of the decoherence dynamics in terms of master equations.
33. We survey methods for avoiding and mitigating decoherence and give an overview of several experiments that have studied decoherence processes.
34. In other words, the very act of measurement induces quantum decoherence due to the inevitable introduction of environmental noise by the measurement process.
35. Alternative error correction schemes are therefore necessary if we are to overcome the decoherence problem.
36. We suggest an approach for suppressing errors by employing preprocessing and postprocessing unitary operations, which precede and follow the action of a decoherence channel.
37. We consider the case of decoherence channels acting on a single qubit belonging to a many-qubit state.
38. We then consider the realization of our approach for the basic decoherence models, which include single-qubit depolarizing, dephasing, and amplitude damping channels.
39. We also demonstrate that the decoherence robustness of multiqubit states for these decoherence models is determined by the entropy of the reduced state of the qubit undergoing the decoherence channel.
40. In this paper we set up a method called overlap decoherence correction (ODC) to take into account the quantum decoherence effect in a surface hopping framework.
41. We address the issue of quantum decoherence in mixed quantum‐classical simulations.
42. Quantum decoherence effects appear at a rate consistent with previous estimates.
43. However, recent experiments have managed to delay decoherence by decoupling quantum particles from their environment.
44. If decoherence is delayed then the superposition states become evident.
45. The reason we never see Schr�dinger's cat both dead and alive at the same time is because decoherence takes place within the box long before we open it.
46. As was explained in the main text, there is now experimental support for this decoherence viewpoint.
47. The decoherence theory is reverting a quantum system back to classical through interactions with the environment which decay and eliminate quantum behaviour of particles.
48. Due to decoherence qubits are extremely fragile and their ability to stay in superposition and or entangle is severely jeopardized.
49. Radiation, light, sound, vibrations, heat, magnetic fields or even the act of measuring a qubit are all examples of decoherence.
50. Which basically means if we don’t factor in the precautions for completely eliminating decoherence then there is no quantum system aka Quantum Computer.
51. The results indicate that the strong two-body imperfections suppress the internal decoherence and enhance the performance of the CNOT gate.
52. Moreover, the largest source of error is found to be unitary due to coherent shifting rather than decoherence.
53. Our theoretical results indicate that real-time detection of ion-channel operation at millisecond resolution is possible by directly monitoring the quantum decoherence of the NV probe.
54. In this context, decoherence refers to the loss of quantum coherence between magnetic sublevels of the NV atomic system due to interactions with an environment.
55. We find that, over and above these background sources, the decoherence of the NV spin levels is highly sensitive to the ion flux through a single ion channel.
56. This decoherence results in a decrease in fluorescence, which is most pronounced in regions close to the ion-channel opening.
57. This, of course, is precisely the question that decoherence theory is designed to answer.
58. For the rest, we should now return to the previous taxonomy of strategies for solving, or dissolving, the problem, and see how they fare in the light of decoherence.
59. At first sight, both strategies are made straightforward by decoherence.
60. Unfortunately, things are not so simple, for a straightforward reason: decoherence is not a precisely defined process.

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• [{'LEMMA': 'decoherence'}]