Quantum gate

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1. The most common quantum gates operate on spaces of one or two qubits.
2. This means that as matrices, quantum gates can be described by 2 x 2 or 4 x 4 matrices with orthonormal rows.
3. Daiss et al. demonstrate the operation of a quantum gate in which one qubit conditionally controls the state of another qubit spatially separated by 60 meters (see the Perspective by Hunger).
4. If you want to get into quantum computing, there’s no way around it: you will have to master the cloudy concept of the quantum gate.
5. Like everything in quantum computing, not to mention quantum mechanics, quantum gates are shrouded in an unfamiliar fog of jargon and matrix mathematics that reflects the quantum mystery.
6. All we can do today is reveal the striking similarities and alarming differences between classical gates and quantum gates, and explore the implications for the near and far future of computing.
7. This means that quantum gates can leverage two key aspects of quantum mechanics that are entirely out of reach for classical gates: superposition and entanglement.
8. All quantum gate configurations are based on the very large mean-free-paths of carriers in graphene at room temperature.
9. The most common quantum gates operate on spaces of one or two qubits, just like the common classical logic gates operate on one or two bits.
10. Another set of universal quantum gates consists of the Ising gate and the phase-shift gate.
11. If we have a set of N qubits that are entangled and wish to apply a quantum gate on M < N qubits in the set, we will have to extend the gate to take N qubits.
12. Measurement (sometimes called observation) is irreversible and therefore not a quantum gate, because it assigns the observed quantum state to a single value.
13. In this article, we will only focus on quantum gates applying to single bits.
14. Now, making a simple quantum gate based on one qubit has already been done.
15. One reason is that quantum gates must be reversible.
16. Qubits can be "both in 0 and 1", and the quantum gate must take care of this.
17. Scalable quantum computing is based on realizable accurate quantum gates.
18. By using spin echo to suppress the blockade error, we propose an easily realizable controlled-phase Rydberg quantum gate of high intrinsic fidelity.
19. The same year, scientists took a step closer to the building of a quantum gate, the quantum representation of a mathematical rule.
20. This book focuses on how quantum gates and quantum representations of different circuits are to be designed to make a complete quantum computer.
21. Researchers at the University of Oxford have passed an important milestone in building high-precision quantum gates with a record-breaking precision of 99.9%.
22. Yang, G., Hung, W.N.N., Song, X., Perkowski, M.: Exact synthesis of 3-qubit quantum circuits from non-binary quantum gates using multiple-valued logic and group theory.
23. Li, Z., Song, X., Perkowski, M., Chen, H., Feng, X.: Realization of a new permutative gate library using controlled-kth-root-of-NOT quantum gates for exact minimization of quantum circuits, vol.
24. Hung, W.N.N., Song, X., Yang, G., Yang, J., Perkowski, M.: Optimal synthesis of multiple output boolean functions using a set of quantum gates by symbolic reach ability analysis.
25. In this article, the problem of synthesizing a general Hermitian quantum gate into a set of primary quantum gates is addressed.
26. In this article, we describe the quantum gates — the basic units for quantum programming.
27. It is a bitwise a + b addition with the carry c. In quantum computing, we apply quantum gates U to manipulate a superposition (qubits).
28. A program can be written as a diagram with a sequence of the quantum gates (a quantum circuit).
29. So let’s study the quantum gates one-by-one.

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• [{'LOWER': 'quantum'}, {'LEMMA': 'gate'}]