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  1. The quantum states are probed through the nuclear magnetic resonances, allowing the system to be implemented as a variation of nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy.[1]
  2. NMR differs from other implementations of quantum computers in that it uses an ensemble of systems, in this case molecules, rather than a single pure state.[1]
  3. Initially the approach was to use the spin properties of atoms of particular molecules in a liquid sample as qubits - this is known as liquid state NMR (LSNMR).[1]
  4. This approach has since been superseded by solid state NMR (SSNMR) as a means of quantum computation.[1]
  5. NMR systems have been well studied for over 50 years now.[2]
  6. We will focus on liquid state solution NMR techniques.[2]
  7. How does this NMR Quantum Computer look like?[2]
  8. In their Research Article, Gershenfeld and Chuang (2) propose the use of a much less exotic system—nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) of molecules in a room-temperature solution.[3]
  9. Of course, solution NMR was used in the 1950s to study equally small molecules, yet today we study proteins with thousands of spins.[3]
  10. If an NMR quantum computer were ultimately scalable to larger numbers of qubits (say 100), the implications for computational science would be exciting.[3]
  11. There is doubt, however, that solution NMR quantum computing will ever be useful.[3]
  12. The result is a novel NMR computer that can be programmed much like a QC, but in other respects more closely resembles a DNA computer.[4]
  13. Most notably, when applied to intractable combinatorial problems, an NMR computer can use an amount of sample, rather than time, which grows exponentially with the size of the problem.[4]
  14. In this paper, we consider another physical mechanism that is capable of computation, namely NMR spectroscopy.[4]
  15. Other researchers have proposed implementing an atomic-scale QC by NMR and analogous physical mechanisms (e.g., refs.[4]
  16. A few years ago, it was found that nuclear magnetic resonance, or NMR, spectroscopy provides a means of combining many of the best features of DNA and quantum computing.[5]
  17. Following the common practice in NMR spectroscopy, we shall now use the word "spin" to refer to an ensemble of chemically equivalent single spins, each in a different molecule of the sample.[5]
  18. This is known in NMR as the INEPT pulse sequence.[5]
  19. Via Fourier transform techniques, an NMR implementation of an ensemble quantum computer is also able to simultaneously measure many expectation values in the single spectrum.[5]
  20. Quantum-assisted NMR spectroscopy checked all the boxes since the readings, called a spectrogram, are put together by measuring a complex set of quantum spins.[6]
  21. The NMR machine reads those spins as different signatures.[6]
  22. We use seven spin-1/2 nuclei in a molecule as quantum bits11,12, which can be manipulated with room temperature liquid-state nuclear magnetic resonance techniques.[7]
  23. A proof of principle for the algorithm for two qubits is provided using a liquid state NMR quantum computer.[8]
  24. The simulation of pattern recognition conducted by the CT researchers was evaluated with a nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometer (NMR) at the TU München.[8]
  25. We point out that some molecules solved in isotropic liquid are well isolated and thus they can also be employed for studying open systems in Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) experiments.[9]
  26. Crossover from Markovian to non-Markovian relaxation was realized in one NMR experiment, while relaxation like phenomena were observed in approximately isolated systems in the other.[9]
  27. We demonstrate the implementation of several quantum logic gates through one- and two-dimensional NMR methods, using transition- and spin-selective pulses.[10]
  28. Finally, we discuss the implementation of the Deutsch–Jozsa algorithm using NMR.[10]
  29. NMR has an unusual place among the prospective approaches for manipulating quantum information.[11]
  30. In NMR quantum computation, qubits are stored in the orientation of nuclear spins, which have very long coherence times.[11]
  31. The most distinctive feature of NMR quantum computing is that a qubit is stored, not in a single underlying degree of freedom, but in about 1022 redundant copies.[11]
  32. Since the Zeeman splitting between nuclear spin states is a tiny fraction of the thermal energy in room-temperature NMR systems, the quantum state of the spins is very highly mixed.[11]
  33. The solid-state NMR quantum computer, which employs nuclear spins in solids (mainly semiconductors) as quantum bits (qubits), is among the most promising schemes for scalable quantum computers.[12]
  34. This discovery is expected to help advance the progress in research and development of solid-state NMR quantum computers.[12]
  35. Some methods which are currently being explored for implementing quantum computation are ion traps, quantum dots, cavity quantum electrodynamics, and NMR (nuclear Magnetic resonance).[13]
  36. Our group, under the direction of Dr. Isaac Chuang, is focusing on the technique of NMR Quantum Computation.[13]
  37. These electrons can then be used to transfer their polarization to the nuclei of xenon to test the NMR signal.[13]
  38. Eventually the xenon polarization will be transferred to the molecules used to perform NMR quantum computations.[13]
  39. Multiple quantum (MQ) NMR is an effective tool for the generation of a large cluster of correlated particles, which, in turn, represent a basis for quantum information processing devices.[14]
  40. The interplay of MQ NMR spin dynamics and the dimensionality of the space embedding the spins has been probed in materials with quasi-one-dimensional distributions of spins by Yesinowksi et al.[14]
  41. This model is the first exactly solvable model in MQ NMR for a system with a macroscopic number of coupled spins.[14]
  42. The theoretical description of MQ NMR dynamics is a very difficult task because this is a many-spin and MQ problem.[14]

소스

  1. ↑ 이동: 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 Nuclear magnetic resonance quantum computer
  2. ↑ 이동: 2.0 2.1 2.2 Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Quantum Computing (NMRQC)
  3. ↑ 이동: 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 The Usefulness of NMR Quantum Computing
  4. ↑ 이동: 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 Ensemble quantum computing by NMR spectroscopy
  5. ↑ 이동: 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 Ensemble Quantum Computing by NMR Spectroscopy
  6. ↑ 이동: 6.0 6.1 Harvard researchers create hybrid algorithm for NMR readings
  7. ↑ Experimental realization of Shor's quantum factoring algorithm using nuclear magnetic resonance
  8. ↑ 이동: 8.0 8.1 NMR Quantum Computer
  9. ↑ 이동: 9.0 9.1 Liquid-State NMR Quantum Computer:. Hamiltonian Formalism and Experiments
  10. ↑ 이동: 10.0 10.1 Quantum computation using NMR on JSTOR
  11. ↑ 이동: 11.0 11.1 11.2 11.3 Quantum Information Science
  12. ↑ 이동: 12.0 12.1 A New Operation Principle for Solid-State Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) Quantum Computers
  13. ↑ 이동: 13.0 13.1 13.2 13.3 Optimizing Optical Pumping for NMR Quantum Computation
  14. ↑ 이동: 14.0 14.1 14.2 14.3 Solid-state multiple quantum NMR in quantum information processing: exactly solvable models

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  • [{'LOWER': 'nuclear'}, {'LOWER': 'magnetic'}, {'LEMMA': 'resonance'}]
  • [{'LOWER': 'nmr'}]
  • [{'LOWER': 'nuclear'}, {'LOWER': 'magnetic'}, {'LOWER': 'resonance'}, {'LOWER': 'quantum'}, {'LEMMA': 'computer'}]
  • [{'LEMMA': 'nmrqc'}]
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